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Lesson 7: I go to school.

This lesson is about direction verbs. For our purposes, a direction verb is one that indicates movement to or from somewhere.  In example: I go to the store.  In other words, you are moving from somewhere to the store.

In order to say "to the store" you have to use the particle or へ.  に and へ mean 'to' when they come before a direction verb. (Note that the particle へ is pronounced as e though it is written with the character he.)

Examples:

いきます
きます
かえります

 

to go
to come
to return home

The sentence pattern for direction verbs is as follows:

location へ/に direction verb :=: direction verb to location

Examples:

がっこうに いきます
みせに いきます
だいどころに いきます
パーティに きます


がっこうに きますか。
はい、がっこうに いきます。
いいえ、がっこうに いきません。

 

go to school
go to the store
go to the kitchen
come to the party


Will you come to school?
Yes, I'll go to school.
No, I won't go to school.

It should be remembered that the response to "will you come?" should be "I will go." or "I won't go." because the two people speaking are assumed to be in different locations.

One can then add time to indicate when one will go or come.  This is generally more useful information that "I will go." Recall that the basic Japanese sentence structure is TTOPV. This stands for Topic/Time Object Place Verb. Our sentences will use T/TPV as there is no object in these sentences.

Examples:

きょう、わたしは がっこうに いきます。 Today I will go to school.
わたしは がっこうに いきません。 I won't go to school.
   
あした、わたしの パーティに きますか。 Will you come to my party tomorrow?
はい、いきます。 Yes, I'll go.
   
こんや、みせに いきますか。 Will you go to the store tonight?
はい、みせに いきます。 Yes, I'll go to the store.
Note that the above examples are all in future tense in English. In Japanese, there is no difference between future tense and present tense.

Lesson 7 Vocabulary:

いきます
きます
かえります

きょう
あした
こんや

がっこう
みせ
パーティ
だいどころ
うち


 

to go
to come
to return home

today
tomorrow
tonight

school
store/shop
party
kitchen
house

particle that means 'to'
particle that means 'to'

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